Title: The relation between math anxiety, number line estimation, and math achievement in children
Abstract: The cognitive underpinnings of math development have been extensively examined. One well-known line of research has shown that the accuracy and linearity of children’s number line estimation predicts their future math achievement. More recently, research has shown that having positive math attitudes is also important. However, less is known about how cognitive and emotional factors interact to influence children’s future math achievement. In the present study, we examined how a) math anxiety and number line estimation in 1st grade uniquely predict math achievement over time through 3rd grade, b) how math anxiety and number line estimation in 1st grade interact to predict math achievement over time, and c) how math anxiety in 1st grade relates to number line estimation over time.