Week 4 Writing Assignment- Nayun Kwon

In South Korea, molka (몰카 [moɭkʰa], an abbreviation for 몰래 카메라 [moɭɭɛ kʰameɾa]) are miniature cameras secretly and illegally installed in order to capture voyeuristic images and videos. Spy cameras proliferated in the country in the 2010s and are most commonly installed in small holes or cracks in walls in locations such as women’s public restrooms and motel rooms. The voyeuristic images and videos are sold online across various platforms, including popular social media sites like Twitter and Tumblr, without knowledge or consent of those on camera. “Molka” can refer to both the actual cameras as well as the footage later posted online.

-Wikipedia definition of “molka”

 

Writing assignment:

Some people are really timid. So timid that they have to think at least three times before asking their teammates if they could go to the bathroom real quick before preparing for a group presentation at a café.

She happened to be that kind of person.

Which is why she ran into the bathroom stall and collapsed on the toilet,

without noticing the tiny holes on the bathroom door in front of her.

The holes sent a tremor through her body.

Why are they there? Who made those holes? Are they there on purpose? Or are they simply cracks?

If they aren’t simple cracks, what should she do?

She told herself that that would not be the case. The building was pretty old, and sometimes holes happen to be there. Old bathrooms just have them.

But what if…

Frantically she crumpled a piece of toilet paper and tried to stick it on one of the holes. The lump was too big for the hole and it kept falling out. Exasperated, she threw the lump on the floor.

Why? Why do people take these videos? Who the everlasting fuck would enjoy watching people pee?

Then she looked up.

More holes.

More holes covered by lumps of toilet paper, smudges of foundation.

Dozens of perplexed fingers, crumpling toilet paper, rummaging through their bags in search for something to cover those holes.

To cover those eyes.

Or are they even eyes?

Some said women are just being too paranoid. Some said the molka incidents are exaggerated and they don’t happen as much as women would like to believe. Some said it’s impossible to plant cameras in tiny hole and women are too stupid to believe otherwise.

But still.

She picked up the clump she dropped on the floor. Persistently, she shoved it into the hole in front of her.

Tell me I’m paranoid, she thought to herself. Trust me, it will make me relieved.

Anyone will be relieved if you tell her the dozens of holes in front of her are not dozens of eyes.

 

Working notes:

I found it a little difficult to find written material or history of my topic since it’s a pretty recent phenomenon, so I decided to use a definition. I tried to convey the idea that digital sexual assault has become something like an everyday terror to women, since it became so prevalent. The ‘she’ in my work is a bit autobiographical (there are people who are more careful before entering a public restroom but I’m not that person) but this experience could apply to anyone who had a similar experience.

Week 4 Writing Assignment – Chloe Madigan

Writing Assignment:

Definition of “special education” from The Education for All Handicapped Children Act 94-142 enacted by the United States Congress in 1975: “The term ‘special education’ means specially designed instruction, at no cost to parents or guardians, to meet the unique needs of a handicapped child

“10 years old!! Double digits!” Fortune’s mother squealed as she woke her daughter with a tight squeeze.

“Ahgg, you’re crushing me, Mom!” Fortune groaned as her mom released her grip, as of today she wasn’t a child anymore and wouldn’t be treated like one.

As she skidded into her classroom, Dalia and Felicity ran over, embracing her tightly. This time she chose to hug back.

“Ohmygosh! How does it feel to be ten?” the nine-year old girls eagerly questioned.

“It’s a whole new world, ladies” Fortune asserted with confidence, leaning back in her seat.

What was different though? …something. Where was Kennedy? It had just been his tenth birthday too and she wanted to celebrate! Was he the latest victim of the disappearing act that had taken Tristan, Portia, and that other boy who never said his name or really anything at all?

She found herself missing the outlandish doodles only he could make; self-assured grumbles letting the teacher know she was moving too quickly, something we would all agree on but never felt sure enough to say; and energetic hugs he would give out at recess. She wanted to hug him back, but guessed the adult world doesn’t allow for that.

“How was school today?” Her mother asked eagerly as she shut her front door.

“Eh, boring, quiet, normal, I guess.” Fortune replied as she plopped down on the sofa beside her. A brief pause filled the room, “…Kennedy wasn’t there. It’s like he just disappeared, and no one said anything about it.”

Her mother sighed, petting her head as she explained that the school was worried Kennedy was holding her class back, so he was getting the special help he needed in a school with other kids like him, with Tristan and Portia.

Fortune sat confused, wondering how taking away unique personalities could help her class learn more rather than less, if becoming an adult meant people who stood out had to be removed to an unseen world, if Kennedy chose to be able to hug only other special kids.  I guess there would be less distraction and rule-breaking? she puzzled.

Later that night she completed her homework: What does it mean to be 10?

  1. I am an adult now.
  2. So, I get to choose what I do, where I go, and who I hug every day!
  3. But, I won’t get to do 1 & 2 if I don’t fit in.
  4. And, I can’t have 1 & 2 if there are special people around.

When her teacher received Fortune’s paper her grin quickly turned to a frown, where could she have gotten such ideas? Surely, not from her education here.

Process Notes:

I decided to use the definition of “special education” from The Education for All Handicapped Children Act 94-142 enacted by the U.S. Congress in 1975. This definition has always stood out to me in the sense that I believe great harm can be done in segregating children with disabilities from “normal” children, often perpetuating rather than solving discrimination. This was a challenging piece for me to write because at first glance I agree with and can see the good idealized by the creation of individualized special education schools, but I remember in my middle school when all of the students with disabilities that “stood out” were suddenly gone.  At that point, I remember naively and wrongly thinking that to succeed in the world, you had to fit in and those that didn’t were seen as people who would hold the rest of “us” back. I believe a great deal of attention should be paid mind to such removed students, but I found it interesting to show how this seemingly beneficial concept of “special education” that is said to be of “no cost to parents or guardians” has an unspoken cost on every student in the education system. In considering the tone of John Keene’s Counternarratives, I found that seeing the way the world shaped reality in the eyes of youth in characters such as Carmel and Eugénie was an engaging way to show how an innocent and naïve blank-slate view of the world can be contrasted with violent corruption. I aimed to show this contrast especially in describing the heavy concepts of stripping self-identity and autonomy from children with disabilities with the idea of them not being able to choose where they go to school, “who they hug,” who they can largely interact with, and show/get love for/from. I also included the nameless boy along with Tristan and Portia in thinking about Saidiya Hartman’s Venus in Two Acts to show how the voices of these students with disabilities are often left unheard and forgotten as well. At the end I also attempted to show how the teacher herself was unaware of the harmful effects of her own schooling system on her students. Lastly, in thinking about unspoken meanings, I directly named the main character Fortune and her friends in school other names generally meaning “good luck” alongside naming the students removed from school names unknowingly to the reader related to misfortune or disorder, aiming to give an underlying narrative that the only thing that really separates the fates of these two groups is unjust, unacknowledged luck.

Susie Xu Wk 4 Writing Assign

“Then a police van crashed into four bicyclists late Friday night, generating new outrage against the Government. One cyclist was killed instantly, and two died in the hospital Saturday, while the fourth seemed less seriously hurt…”

Knife blades clink-clunk lyrically off the side as the knife man methodically push his bicycle through the serpentine hutong. The modesty of late spring lingers still in the June-day morning vapors, but he knows by noon his white headscarf would be soaked. He swings the spare towel over his shoulders and hollers again.

mooooo jiannz leeeeeeeee,” she catches the last part of his tune through the window still covered in newspaper from the winter.

Ahy!” She yells as her feet slip into the cotton shoes with thicker soles. Her new-fashioned son has snickered at her footwear habit many a times. New woman of the new Age embrace liberty, democracy, imported sneakers.

At the branch two houses down the clinking stops. “Hereeee!” The clink-clunk resumes.

He has already set up shop on the streetside when she marches out with their machete. Sugar cane season still an entire summer away, but she needed a reason to get some talk.

Yo-hei! This big fellow! I’ve seen it since your father’s time. You still using it?”

She kicks the bike lightly and laughs through her nose. “You still riding this junk?”

He smiles, looking down to examine the blade as he shakes his head. “You don’t say, old dingus are actually work pretty well! Can’t find a knife like this now.”

“Yeah, Aiguo brought back this motor bike, fucking excited like he was having a seizure. Neighbors’ kids all came see it. Tututu, tututututu. Louder than mother-fucking firecrackers. Burns more gasoline than a tank! Now this big thing blocks half the street and attracts dust. So much dust!”

He giggled quietly as he begins his task. She grabs a sweeper, collecting loose yellow dirt into a pile. Yee yah from the knife and stone symphony rings on steadily, broken suddenly by baby screams.

“How did you get here? Don’t you live in Chaoyang?”

“Ah, few days back my nephew needed help with his butcher shop. Young men have all gone to the square. After busying for bigger half of the day I was just looking forward to go home for some mutton momo–Yo-hei!–before I made two steps I saw there’s a wall in the street. I got closer–what kind of wall that was?! Just people, standing, children stacking on top of one another. Army marching into the city! Heiyaya a field a green. All afternoon I thought someone was fixing their house, who would’ve thought it’s the boots.”

She continues to sweep the dust. Dried willow leaf waltzes down. She glides it into the pile.

“Where did they get that many soldiers from?”

He doesn’t answer, finishes grinding the machete.

“You don’t think they’re really going to fire?” She turns around to lean the sweeper against the wall. A group of kids run down the stairs from the house behind, kick over her pile of dust.

“Careful!” the knife-sharpener scolds lovingly.

“Do you kids have no eyes?” She joins.

“I’ve got eyes to see big tanks!” One of the kids shouts.

Sha?

“Erga says tanks are rolling in. Very big, big enough to hide people!”

“The turning tires can squash a person like I squash an ant!”

 

“Rumors were less meticulous about detail, and word spread early Saturday morning through the capital that four people had been killed by the police. Tens of thousands of people took to the streets to protest, and immediately found themselves confronting more than 2,000 unarmed troops who were marching toward Tiananmen Square.”

Cui Guozheng, male, 1968-1989, born in Jilin, Manchurian, The Chinese People’s Liberation Army serving officer.

In the small hours of June 4th, 1989, the army vehicle Cui Guozheng was operating arrives at the intersection between Chongwenmen Dajia and Xidajie. It was blocked by a group of angry citizens fortifying the street with bricks, fruit carts, motorbikes, and their staunch stance.

Cui and several cadets exited the army vehicle to negotiate with obstructers. Two older women kneeled as they demand the army turn around, on account of protecting their children. After escalating quarrels, Cui retrieved his standard deploy handgun and fired into the crowd. At least one man, one woman, and one child were shot.

The crowd began attacking Cui and others with bricks, stick, and fists. Cui originally attempted to shelter inside the vehicle, but tried to escape after the crowd broke the car windows. He was forced onto the tianqiao (“sky bridge”, overhead walkway) by a crowd led by three older women.

A woman about 40 years old poured gasoline upon Cui’s body and a man supplied the match.

 

“The troops retreated, but that confrontation seemed to set the tone for the massive demonstrations later Saturday and early today.”

 

Bolded text by Nicholas Kristof for NYTimes (https://www.nytimes.com/1989/06/04/world/crackdown-beijing-troKops-attack-crush-beijing-protest-thousands-fight-back.html)

 

Notes:

The inspiration/source behind this story comes from my father. One day when we were on a bus, my usually silent father looked out the window agitatedly. He turns my shoulder and points to an overhead walkway–“that’s the bridge on which Beijing dama poured gasoline and burnt soldier on June 4th.”

dama literally means big ma, used to refer to all women around the age of menopause. I see it as the hybrid between the babushka and a South Asian aunty, with derogatory connotations of age, lack of feminity, but also a talent for gossip. This figure is pertinent to thinking feminism as they usually don’t identify as “feminists”, even often against the idea, but enact dignity, character, and pride that I think feminism works toward.

When writing this piece, my own language appalled me occasionally, especially when I tried to edit down the length. There seems to be an inherent arrogance that comes with hindsight. I couldn’t walk the edge between sarcasm and compassion very well like Keene, so I allowed myself more space to flesh out the figure. I also followed Keene’s line of letting the characters speak for themselves, even though I tried to fill the page with as much silence as possible. I don’t wish to construct a heroic figure, and it seems like silence is the most mundane but human aspect of life.

Writing Assignment Week 4 Helena

Wikipedia Page on the Rust Belt:

From 1987 to 1999, the US stock market went into stratospheric rise, and this continued to pull wealthy foreign money into US banks, which biased the exchange rate against manufactured goods. Related issues include the decline of the iron and steel industry, the movement of manufacturing to the southeastern states with their lower labor costs,[9] the layoffs due to the rise of automation in industrial processes, the decreased need for labor in making steel products, new organizational methods such as just-in-time manufacturing which allowed factories to maintain production with fewer workers, the internationalization of American business, and the liberalization of foreign trade policies due to globalization.[10] Cities struggling with these conditions shared several difficulties, including population loss, lack of education, declining tax revenues, high unemployment and crime, drugs, swelling welfare rolls, deficit spending, and poor municipal credit ratings….Francis Fukuyama considers the social and cultural consequences of deindustrialization and manufacturing decline that turned a former thriving Factory Belt into a Rust Belt as a part of a bigger transitional trend that he called the Great Disruption:[35] “People associate the information age with the advent of the Internet in the 1990s, but the shift from the industrial era started more than a generation earlier, with the deindustrialization of the Rust Belt in the United States and comparable movements away from manufacturing in other industrialized countries. … The decline is readily measurable in statistics on crime, fatherless children, broken trust, reduced opportunities for and outcomes from education, and the like”.[36]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rust_Belt

A Coal Miner’s Morning.

Some might call my life simple. Fuck me, though, I wouldn’t say that. I wake up, and before I’ve even made my goddamn coffee I’m attacked by questions I got for myself. Do I give Greg the money to fix his trailer? Even when I know damn well he’ll waste it and lose it and ask me again in 3 weeks? He’s family. But handouts don’t do him no good. They don’t do nobody no good. I outta make him come out stripping with me. Stripping land for coal, that is, ladies. Don’t get too excited! Ha.

Aw hell. Little Jaylee is already up. 5:30 AM. That rascal. “What do you want, you cute little monster? You want some of Daddy’s coffee don’t you, you fucking crazy child. ” 

Of course she’s already hanging from my arm like a little monkey. Fucking Simone Biles type little girl really. Her arms are bigger than her 24 year old big brother’s. He ain’t do shit though, since he moved in with Monica. Got weak. His fuckin baby sister pulls more of her own weight.

“Hell Jaylee, look at me. Speak back to your daddy. Do you want some coffee little one? Some breakfast? Go wake up your mama.”

Damn kid’ll run away and won’t come back till it’s 11 AM and she’s screaming and crying for some goddamn cocoa puffs. Kid knows what she wants. Can’t fucking talk. 5 years old, can’t fucking talk but she knows what she wants and she gets it still. Little rascal. 

“Well well well, if it isn’t the sexiest women I’ve ever seen. Come here mama give me a kiss. I think Jaylee wants some breakfast. Don’t know why that kid won’t ever fucking sleep.”

“Gracie needs a leotard or some shit, Cor”

“What the hell do you mean a leotard? Like a onesie? Fucking get her one then I guess. This is for that dance shit at church?” 

“Yea and she says she need’m today for practice, babe. Otherwise she can’t go and she’ll be breaking your heart again crying. I gotta go to Walmart. Do you think your sister could cover my shift at the diner?” 

“Hell Stayce, you can’t just be asking Sandra to do this. She got her own job selling that makeup shit and she don’t owe us nothing. Nobody got time to drive an hour to fucking Walmart for a fucking leotard. Go up to Papa’s cabin and see if he got some shit or something in the attic. Hell if I know just don’t go to fucking Altoona for a fucking 6 year old’s dance shit”  

“Babe please. I just wanna give my little girl something. She’s so sad. All the fucking time. ”

“Hell Stayce I know you’re gunna do what you fucking want. Just go. Here’s some cash. Have the truck back when I’m done working. Pick up some of that sauce shit too. Tim and I are hunting this weekend and he wants to make Jerky for little Jimbo’s birthday party. Kid fucking loves deer jerky.” 

Fuckin Stayce. She ain’t gunna come back with no leotard. Cash’ll be gone though. Fuckin handouts. Don’t do nobody no good. 

 

Process Notes

I wrote this piece in the voice of my uncle. He’s a coal miner in Western Pennsylvania—a place most deem part of the “Rust Belt”—and an avid Trump supporter, as are the rest of my relatives there. I wanted to capture some of the everyday things he thinks about and the ways in which he is a caring and good father, as well as the motivation for some of his (very strongly held) political beliefs. I was worried the tone might seem exaggerated, but I really tried to write everything exactly as he’d say it. I definitely read it in his voice when I go through it. I wanted to capture the sound of his accent (which to me sounds almost southern), in the way that Keene’s had captured Carmel’s voice by writing out her journal entries. It was not hard to write this counter-history as I was essentially writing around the gossip and drama my mom tells me about her siblings. It was an interesting exercise to step into his mind, because usually when I talk to friends about him (or about most of my extended family), it comes much more from a place of shame and disgust. I think it could be interesting in an expanded version to somehow include my own voice in this narrative. Maybe I could be telling a friend about the crazy things he says and does, or how stereotypically Pennsylvania he is. 

 

Chloe H, week 4, reading response

The readings for this week presented interesting frameworks for writing in the context of historical narratives. The Keene story from Counternarratives was particularly interesting in this regard because it rotated through several different styles of writing within one story. Similar to the thesis of the Hartman piece, I think Keene’s rotation reminded the reader of nuances that are left out when only one type of narrative is expressed. Hartman forces the readers to think about the validity of certain types of investigations, which for various reasons tend to erase actors from history. Keene’s piece was also a commentary on people’s stories not being told because the entire narrative was set up as if it were a very long footnote.

Hartman questions limits of history as a discipline that draws directly from an archive; these narratives are not capable of drawing the whole picture, especially of those who do not exist in the archive. Makkai’s story, while fictional, evokes real feelings in readers that project the tragedies of war perhaps better than a nonfiction piece could. While there is no right or wrong answer for the creative liberties that can and should be taken when discussing historical events, I think that as long as it is clear to the readers what the sources are (whether an archive or the creative liberty of the author) the most important aspect is that a diverse range of important stories are being shared.

Week 4 Writing Assignment – Lucy Ritzmann

 

Background: The Abigail Adams statue is a part of the Boston Women’s Memorial in Boston’s Back Bay. It has three inscriptions:

On the left:

“If we were to count our

years by the revolutions

we have witnessed

we might number them

with the antediluvians

so rapid have been

the changes: that the mind

tho fleet in it progress,

has been outstripped by them

and we are left like statues

gazing at what we can neither

fathom or comprehend.”

On the right:

“And, by the way, in the

New Code of laws

which I suppose

it will be necessary

for you to make

I desire you would

remember the ladies

and be more generous

and favorable to them

than your ancestors.

Do not put such unlimited

power into the hands

of the husbands.

Remember, all men would

be tyrants if they could.

If particular care and

attention is not paid to the

ladies, we are determined

to foment a rebellion,

and will not hold ourselves

bound by any laws in which

we have no voice

or representation.”

And on the back:

“Abigail Adams

1744 – 1818

Born in Weymouth Massachusetts. She was

the wife of the second President of the

United States and the mother of the sixth.

Her letters establish her as a perceptive

social and political commentator and

a strong voice for women’s advancement.”

Writing Assignment:

            When Abigail Adams née Smith have birth to her first son, she lay panting in bed, holding the red, screaming jewel, awash in virtue. She asked first for her husband and he stooped into the room. A little and somewhat reticent man, he had achieved fame only two years prior for demanding that their local government reject England’s tyrannical Stamp Act. She looked into his deep-set eyes. She would make him great. She handed him the American prince she had borne him. She would make both of them great. And that would make her great.

She called next for her young daughter, nicknamed ‘Nabby’ but named after Abigail; unlike her mother who jabbed her way into history, Nabby was already bound for insignificance. The only interesting thing she would do was in 50 years, when she would get breast cancer and a subsequent mastectomy and then die. But when her mother sat in her bloodstained marriage bed holding her squealing sibling, Nabby was only two. The little girl tottered into the room. She was already like her mother, long in face and somber looking. Like her mother, she would be attractive but never beautiful.

Nabby looked at her mother, her upper body poised and serene sitting atop the carnage at her pelvis. Nabby looked tearful. Abigail looked firmly at her until Nabby’s eyes dried: ever the pragmatist, Abigail needed this moment to teach a lesson to her daughter. She needed Nabby to see her mother after the bloody battle of birth. Abigail needed her to understand that she would never be equal to a man, but she would never be his inferior. As a lady, she would simply be other. And she would do what Abigail did: she would build her husband up, build her children up, build her home up. It is for a woman to create a man’s world – that is how a woman achieves virtue and honor. Abigail knew it was a hard and thankless truth; the life of a lady required a strong spine that could withstand both a life of dutiful creation and a life wearing a whale-bone corset that constricted the torso to 25 inches. She looked at soft Nabby; she wasn’t sure if her daughter could do it.

When Nabby was finally taken out of the room, Abigail handed her son John – named for his mother’s grandfather John, not his father John– to a servant, Hannah. Like everything in her home, she knew every detail about Hannah. She had read to Hannah often so that Abigail could progress her own rudimentary literary skills. She knew Hannah had strong hands, so her baby was safe. Hannah was a woman but not a lady. She would not be remembered.

Finally alone, Abigail lay back against her pillow. She let her face show her pain, the punching, throbbing aches as her hips knit themselves together again. She would face this again. She would deliver 10 more sons and 10 more daughters. She rolled onto her side and pulled out a sheet of paper. She began to write, which was still an alien act for her hand. She had not learned until her late teens and still struggled with certain letters, like B and A. She had to re-try certain words a few times as she wrote to the ages about the birth of her son.

Process Notes:

            I thought this was a really interesting assignment. I think the biggest challenge for me was that I found myself getting too drawn into the character of Abigail Adams that I was creating. I had to remind myself that the key was to balance giving this character a voice while also demonstrating the lack of voice that history gives her. I often had to refer back to Keene’s “Gloss” to take inspiration with how he did this; I think something that really helped me was taking inspiration from how Keene judges character’s, especially women character’s, appearances in the way that they would have been mercilessly judged at the time (and, arguably, still today). Overall, I think this was an assignment that really stretched me as a writer in the best way.

Week 4 Reading Response – Lucy Ritzmann

I was struck over and over again through reading Keene’s “Gloss” by his choice to make Carmel mute. I thought it paralleled the point in Hartmann’s essay well, because Carmel is literally silenced, in addition to be silenced in history because her story was not recorded. I also thought it made Keene’s task of narrating Carmel’s story a much more complex endeavor. There were two moments in which Keene departed from traditional narrative style to really express Carmel that particularly struck me.

The first begins on p. 124 when Keene pens Carmel’s diary entries. There are many, little details like abbreviations and words crossed out that give us a sense of her. For me, the overwhelming effect was that it felt like I could hear her voice, which is strange, because at this point in the narrative, she is doesn’t speak. The word that she writes as “Ayiti” really struck me. I remember being taught to say Haïti the proper way in French class as “ah-iy-ti”, and how different it felt to the pronunciation “hay-ti.” I liked how the syllables were much more lyrical. I think the phoneticism that I learned is a little different to the one that Keene gives to Carmel, but for some reason, after reading just that word in the way that Carmel writes it, I had a much stronger sense of Carmel’s inner voice, almost in an audible way.

The second moment was on p.132 when the narrative switches to Carmel in the “I” perspective. The shift was almost subtle, because it occurs after the prose switches back from eh diary entries to the traditional form. I was distracted by the change in form, and it took me a moment to fully absorb the shift to first person. It was incredibly powerful, however, because it opened up whole new worlds inside the character of Carmel. Through the diary entries, we get her “processed” thoughts, but I thought the first-person narration was interesting because it allowed for more of an internal monologue about what she was experiencing. Again, I think that choice in narration, which is emphasized by the shift, is poignant. Keene is writing about a mute character who is also completely silenced in history – I still grapple a little with how I feel about a man in 2015 imagining the thoughts and experiences of a person in her position, but I think he techniques he uses to craft her inner voice create a powerful sense of Carmel.