While Clytia is still a new model organism, the number of tools and labs working with Clytia is growing. Below are links to some important resources, protocols, and publications.

Genomic Information

The genome of the jellyfish Clytia hemisphaerica and the evolution of the cnidarian life-cycle
The genome of Clytia was published in Nature in 2019 by LeClere et al, working at Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Villefranche-sur-mer in France.

Marimba Pages: Clytia hemisphaerica
The genomic resource web pages on the Marine Invertebrate Models Database (Marimba) site are maintained by researchers in Villefranche-sur-Mer. Available resources include genome sequence, predicted transcript and protein sequences, search tools, and expression data.

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Methods

Intermesogleal Injection (IMG)

It can be very difficult to introduce dyes and other molecules into Clytia epithelial cells, perhaps because of the thick layer of mucus that covers the surface. To get around this, we microinjected dye into the mesoglea (ECM) and found that dyes could enter epithelial cells from the basal side. To the right is an example using FM46-4.

Culturing Clytia in the Lab

Clytia hemisphaerica culture protocol by Tsuyoshi Momose
A detailed protocol describing how to raise and maintain Clytia throughout their life cycle.

Improved Clytia Life Cycle Culture Protocol
A “new and improved” version of Tsuyoshi Momose’s Clytia culturing protocol. A must-read for anyone working with Clytia written by Tsuyoshi and his lab members.

European Marine Biological Resource Centre (EMBRC)
Visit the EMBRC to order Clytia polyps and adult medusae.

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Review Articles about Clytia and other cnidarians

Clytia hemisphaerica: a jellyfish cousin joins the laboratory

New tricks with old genes: the genetic bases of novel cnidarian traits

If you’re looking for a detailed description of the dimensions, colors, etc. of C. hemisphaerica, check out this article from species-identification.org

Some insights into Clytia Hemisphaerica and possible avenues of research in this article from EvoCELL!

Also, read this article from Lucas Leclere about how Clytia hemisphaerica has become an exciting new model organism.

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Other Labs that Work on Clytia

Evelyn Houliston and Tsuyoshi Momose
Ulrich Technau
David Anderson

Some Important Clytia Papers from Other Labs

The genome of the jellyfish Clytia hemisphaerica and the evolution of the cnidarian life-cycle. Leclère, L., Horin, C., Chevalier, S. et al. Nat Ecol Evol 3, 801–810 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-019-0833-2

Pattern Regulation in a regenerating jellyfish. Chiara Sinigaglia, Sophie Peron, Julia Steger, Evelyn Houliston, Lucas Leclère bioRxiv 2019.12.22.886200; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2019.12.22.886200

Three distinct RNA localization mechanisms contribute to oocyte polarity establishment in the cnidarian Clytia hemisphærica. Amiel A, Houliston E. Dev Biol. 2009;327(1):191-203. doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2008.12.007

Independent evolution of striated muscles in cnidarians and bilaterians. Steinmetz PR, Kraus JE, Larroux C, et al. Nature. 2012;487(7406):231-234. doi:10.1038/nature11180

A gonad-expressed opsin mediates light-induced spawning in the jellyfish Clytia. Quiroga Artigas G, Lapébie P, Leclère L, et al. Elife. 2018;7:e29555. Published 2018 Jan 5. doi:10.7554/eLife.29555

A G protein-coupled receptor mediates neuropeptide-induced oocyte maturation in the jellyfish Clytia. Quiroga Artigas G, Lapébie P, Leclère L, et al. PLoS Biol. 2020;18(3):e3000614. Published 2020 Mar 3. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000614

Molecular characterisation of a cellular conveyor belt in Clytia medusae. Condamine T, Jager M, Leclère L, et al. Dev Biol. 2019;456(2):212-225. doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2019.09.001

High doses of CRISPR/Cas9 ribonucleoprotein efficiently induce gene knockout with low mosaicism in the hydrozoan Clytia hemisphaerica through microhomology-mediated deletion. Momose, T., De Cian, A., Shiba, K. et al. Sci Rep 8, 11734 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30188-0